{"description": "russia-colonialism techniques used by Extermination of 61 settlements of lowland Chechnya and mountainous Ichkeria by Rosen's troops, burning alive of the defenders of Germenchuk, and extortion of hostages from 80 villages (1832), ATT&CK campaign C1155 (v1.0)", "name": "Extermination of 61 settlements of lowland Chechnya and mountainous Ichkeria by Rosen's troops, burning alive of the defenders of Germenchuk, and extortion of hostages from 80 villages (1832) (C1155)", "domain": "russia-colonialism", "versions": {"layer": "4.5", "attack": "", "navigator": "5.2.0"}, "techniques": [{"techniqueID": "T0053", "comment": "On September 9, 1832, during the seizure of the village of Tsentoroy in Ichkeria, the column of General Volkhovsky from the detachment of corps commander Rosen took captive a woman from among the residents who had not managed to flee. The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: \u201cone woman was taken prisoner\u201d(Citation: \u0412\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0441 1824 \u043f\u043e 1834 \u0433. \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c 1886). On September 15, near the village of Dungen-yurt, the cavalry of Major Boreysha took captive residents caught while attempting to leave their homes. Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev: the cavalry \u201cmanaged to take prisoner 4 persons and 1 woman\u201d(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881).", "score": 1, "color": "#66b1ff", "showSubtechniques": false}, {"techniqueID": "T0121", "comment": "In August\u2013September 1832, the troops of corps commander Rosen destroyed the crops and plowed fields of the villages being ravaged \u2014 the people\u2019s food base on the eve of winter. Rosen acknowledged this in a report to Minister of War Chernyshev: the villages that had not submitted were \u201cpunished by the destruction of dwellings and plowed fields\u201d(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881). The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: on September 1, the residents of Avtury, for refusing to hand over prisoners, were \u201cpunished by the destruction of crops and dwellings\u201d; on September 3, near Geldigen, the detachment \u201cexterminated their plowed fields and houses\u201d(Citation: \u0412\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0441 1824 \u043f\u043e 1834 \u0433. \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c 1886).", "score": 1, "color": "#66b1ff", "showSubtechniques": false}, {"techniqueID": "T0052", "comment": "Following the campaign of August - September 1832, the troops of corps commander Rosen exacted tribute and fines in money and livestock from the Chechen villages: Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev that in total over the campaign \"tribute and fines in money and livestock have been paid... about 5 th. r. s. [five thousand rubles in silver]\"(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881).", "score": 1, "color": "#66b1ff", "showSubtechniques": false}, {"techniqueID": "T0099", "comment": "In August\u2013September 1832, corps commander Rosen coerced the villages of Chechnya and Ichkeria into handing over amanats (hostages) under direct threat of extermination. Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev regarding the village of Miskit: \u201cwhen it was announced to them that in the event of the slightest resistance the entire village, the grain and the hay would be exterminated, they immediately presented amanats\u201d(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881). Rosen summed up the result in the same report: subjugation through hostage-taking covered \u201cmore than 80 Chechen and Ichkerian villages\u201d(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881).", "score": 1, "color": "#66b1ff", "showSubtechniques": false}, {"techniqueID": "T0164", "comment": "In the campaign of August - September 1832 the troops of corps commander Rosen appropriated the property and livestock of the residents of the villages being devastated. The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: the property of 50 families who had taken refuge in the forest near Mairtup \"fell as booty to the detachment\", and near Tsentoroy \"6 horses and 50 head of cattle were seized\"(Citation: \u0412\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0441 1824 \u043f\u043e 1834 \u0433. \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c 1886). Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev that on September 15, near the village of Dungen-yurt, the cavalry \"seized 140 sheep and 9 head of cattle\"(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881).", "score": 1, "color": "#66b1ff", "showSubtechniques": false}, {"techniqueID": "T0077", "comment": "From August 22 to the end of September 1832, corps commander Rosen conducted a campaign through Chechnya and Ichkeria (the mountainous southeastern part of the Chechen land) in retribution against the people for the uprising, applying a uniform scheme: a village that failed to meet the conditions was exterminated. Rosen acknowledged the scheme in a report to Minister of War Chernyshev: the villages, \u201cbeing unable to agree among themselves on the release of our prisoners, have been punished by the destruction of dwellings and plowed fields\u201d(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881). Historian D. A. Khozhaev wrote: \u201cIn the summer and autumn of 1832, the troops of General Rosen swept through Chechnya, leaving death and destruction in their wake\u201d(Citation: \u0427\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0446\u044b \u0432 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435 1998).", "score": 1, "color": "#66b1ff", "showSubtechniques": false}, {"techniqueID": "T0056", "comment": "In September 1832, corps commander Rosen imposed on the villages of Chechnya and Ichkeria an annual tribute from each household as a condition of being spared. The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: \u201cfrom the village of Metso-erzo-yurt, amanats (hostages) were taken along with a tribute of one ruble per hearth\u201d; the villages of Eshta-kale and Eyni-kale undertook \u201cto pay henceforth a tribute of 1 ruble per hearth\u201d(Citation: \u0412\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0441 1824 \u043f\u043e 1834 \u0433. \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c 1886). Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev: the village of Gurdali \u201chanded over an amanat and undertook to pay tribute\u201d(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881). The tribute was exacted from a people whose villages and crops were in those very days being exterminated by the troops.", "score": 1, "color": "#66b1ff", "showSubtechniques": false}, {"techniqueID": "T0022", "comment": "On August 23, 1832, during the storming of Germenchuk, the troops of corps commander Rosen burned alive about 60 encircled defenders of the village, led by Mullah Abdurakhman, who had refused to surrender. Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev: a group \u201cnumbering about 60 men ... led by ... Mullah Abdur-Rakhman, was cut off and surrounded by us in one large house\u201d(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881). The imperial historian Volkonsky, writing on the basis of Rosen\u2019s dispatches, acknowledges the method of the massacre: \u201cMajor General Volkhovsky ordered burning firewood and hay to be thrown into the chimneys. This had its effect... while the greater part, together with Mullah Abdurakhman, perished in the flames, continuing to chant verses of the Quran\u201d(Citation: \u0412\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0441 1824 \u043f\u043e 1834 \u0433. \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c 1886). The demonstrative burning of people alive served to terrorize all of Chechnya; Volkonsky acknowledges the calculation: the destruction of Germenchuk \u201cwas bound to have the most crushing effect on the Chechens\u201d(Citation: \u0412\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0441 1824 \u043f\u043e 1834 \u0433. \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c 1886).", "score": 1, "color": "#66b1ff", "showSubtechniques": false}, {"techniqueID": "T0105", "comment": "From August 22 to September 23, 1832, the troops of corps commander Rosen razed dozens of villages of Chechnya and Ichkeria: Belgatoy and Dzhan-yurt, the houses of the six-hundred-household Germenchuk, Shali (except for 11 households), Alkhan-yurt, Sala-yurt, Katar-yurt, Lyalsin-yurt, Nazari-yurt, Uzden-yurt, Uruzbey-yurt, Khyzin-Erzo-yurt, Anzeli-yurt, Chingaroy-yurt, Said-yurt, Anto-yurt, Askhor-yurt, Taba-yurt, Kudish-yurt, Mairtup, Shoni, Tsentoroy, the hamlet of Khamer, Ali-yurt, Bey-Bulat-yurt, Bachin-yurt, Khelboyn-yurt, Benoy, and others. Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev on the dispatch of Colonel Shumsky, by whom \u201cAlkhan-yurt, Sala-yurt, Katar-yurt, Lyalsin-yurt, Nazari-yurt, Uzden-yurt, Uruzbey-yurt and Khyzin-Erzo-yurt have been exterminated\u201d(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881), and summed up the result himself: \u201cOf unsubmitted villages, 61 have been exterminated\u201d(Citation: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0435\u044e. \u0422\u043e\u043c VIII (1831-1837) 1881). Historian D. A. Khozhaev wrote: \u201cThe general\u2019s troops burned Benoy and other Chechen villages\u201d(Citation: \u0427\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0446\u044b \u0432 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435 1998).", "score": 1, "color": "#66b1ff", "showSubtechniques": false}], "gradient": {"colors": ["#ffffff", "#66b1ff"], "minValue": 0, "maxValue": 1}, "legendItems": [{"label": "used by Extermination of 61 settlements of lowland Chechnya and mountainous Ichkeria by Rosen's troops, burning alive of the defenders of Germenchuk, and extortion of hostages from 80 villages (1832)", "color": "#66b1ff"}]}