Construction of Fortified Stanitsas, Settlement of Cossacks on the Borders, and Holding of Hostages (1736–1740)
In the period from 1736 to 1740, the diplomatic and administrative apparatus of the Russian Empire maintained control over the borders of the Nokhchi societies through infrastructure construction and hostage-taking. The established evidence base demonstrates that the metropole began by erecting new fortifications: historian Ya. Z. Akhmadov records the establishment in 1736 of fortified posts, among them «three new Cossack stanitsas: Borozdinskaya, Kargalinskaya, Dubovskaya»[1]. Historian I. Kh. Tkhamokova emphasizes their engineering-defensive status, recording that each such stanitsa «was, as it were, a small fortress serving for protection against enemy raids»[2]. The construction of infrastructure was followed by the physical settlement of military contingents: the first researcher indicates that garrisons were placed on these frontiers, «and from Kizlyar toward the sea another 430 Cossack families are being settled»[1]. In parallel, the occupation administration continued to physically hold relatives of the local elite seized in previous years: Akhmadov notes, in a list of archival documents, a paper from 1738 identified as «Letter of the Chechen lord A. Bartykhanov to Lieutenant Colonel Bunin about his faithful service to Russia and with a request to release his sister from Kizlyar»[1].
Actors
| ID | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
The Government of the Russian Empire built up a military line through the engineering construction of fortified militarized outposts to isolate the Indigenous population: historian Ya. Z. Akhmadov states that in 1736 «three new Cossack stanitsas: Borozdinskaya, Kargalinskaya, Dubovskaya»[1] were established, which, as historian I. Kh. Tkhamokova records, served as fortifications, since each such stanitsa «was in effect a small fortress serving for protection against enemy raids»[2]. |
Techniques Used
| ID | Name | Use | |
|---|---|---|---|
| T0139 | Construction of Fortresses |
The Government of the Russian Empire built up a military line through the engineering construction of fortified militarized outposts to isolate the Indigenous population: historian Ya. Z. Akhmadov states that in 1736 «three new Cossack stanitsas: Borozdinskaya, Kargalinskaya, Dubovskaya»[1] were established, which, as historian I. Kh. Tkhamokova records, served as fortifications, since each such stanitsa «was in effect a small fortress serving for protection against enemy raids»[2]. |
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| T0099 | Hostage-Taking |
The occupation administration of the Russian Empire continued to physically hold relatives of the Nokhchi elite: historian Ya. Z. Akhmadov records the existence of a document from 1738 identified as a «Letter from the Chechen lord A. Bartykhanov to Lieutenant Colonel Bunin regarding his loyal service to Russia and requesting the release of his sister from Kizlyar»[1]. |
|
| T0041 | Implantation of Officials and Military Personnel |
The Government of the Russian Empire physically enlarged the buffer zone around the territories of the Nokhchi through the mass relocation of militarized settlers: historian Ya. Z. Akhmadov states that «1736 - from the Greben stanitsas down the Terek to Kizlyar, three new Cossack stanitsas are established: Borozdinskaya, Kargalinskaya, Dubovskaya, and from Kizlyar to the sea another 430 Cossack families are settled»[1]. |
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Instruments
| ID | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| S0025 | Militarized Settlers |
The Government of the Russian Empire built up a military line through the engineering construction of fortified militarized outposts to isolate the Indigenous population: historian Ya. Z. Akhmadov states that in 1736 «three new Cossack stanitsas: Borozdinskaya, Kargalinskaya, Dubovskaya»[1] were established, which, as historian I. Kh. Tkhamokova records, served as fortifications, since each such stanitsa «was in effect a small fortress serving for protection against enemy raids»[2]. |
| S0012 | Occupation and Controlled Administrations |
The occupation administration of the Russian Empire continued to physically hold relatives of the Nokhchi elite: historian Ya. Z. Akhmadov records the existence of a document from 1738 identified as a «Letter from the Chechen lord A. Bartykhanov to Lieutenant Colonel Bunin regarding his loyal service to Russia and requesting the release of his sister from Kizlyar»[1]. |