in the campaign “The Lebedyn Executions (1708–1709)”
Intimidation of the population by an exemplary reprisal against an entire town: during the capture of Baturyn "in the bloody massacre and fire a multitude of the town's defenders and inhabitants perished"[1], "the town was razed to the ground and its inhabitants annihilated," and the returning residents were charged a special tax "for treason"[2]. The devastation of the hetman capital also destroyed the state archive of the Hetmanate, which suffered "during the storming of Baturyn castle by A. Menshikov in 1708"[2].