in the campaign “Suppression of the January Uprising (1863–1864)”
The purge of civic communities in the wake of the uprising's suppression: "the suppression of the Polish uprising of 1863–1864, which had a corresponding impact on the Ukrainophile movement, interpreted by the tsarist administration as an Austrian intrigue, led to the self-dissolution of the hromadas and the fading of public activity"[1].