| ID | Name |
|---|---|
| T0114.001 | Imposition of Asymmetric Bilingualism and Optionality |
| T0114.002 | Financial Discrimination Against Teachers |
| T0114.003 | Conversion of Schools to the Metropole's Language |
As part of educational assimilation, aggressors may create administrative conditions under which the study of the metropole's language becomes strictly mandatory, while the native language is relegated to the status of a secondary elective. The artificial creation of organizational barriers to studying the local language instills in young people a perception of their native speech as marginal and unprestigious, encouraging mass voluntary abandonment of its study.
General Mai-Maevsky, head of the Whites' administration in Katerynoslav, Kharkiv, Kursk and Poltava provinces, by order No. 22 of 3 August 1919 returned the schools of Ukraine to compulsory instruction in Russian, leaving the native language the place of an elective: "The teaching of the Little Russian language and literature is permitted as non-compulsory subjects on general grounds" - Russian became the compulsory language of instruction, Ukrainian was studied only at will[1].
The compulsory introduction of the metropole's language into schools: the resolution of the USSR Council of People's Commissars and the Central Committee of the VKP(b) of 13 March 1938 No. 324 "On the Compulsory Study of the Russian Language in the Schools of the National Republics and Regions" ordered "to introduce the teaching of the Russian language as a subject of study in the schools of the national republics and regions from September 1, 1938" - from the 2nd grade in all non-Russian primary schools and from the 3rd grade in incomplete secondary and secondary schools[2].
The legislative transfer of schools through "freedom of choice": the union Law of December 24, 1958 left the language of instruction to the republics[3], and the Law of the Ukrainian SSR of April 17, 1959 wrote into Article 9: "Instruction in the schools of the Ukrainian SSR is conducted in the pupils' native language. It is for the parents to decide to which school, with which language of instruction, to send their children" - the study of a language not taught in a given school became optional[4].
Administrative pressure on schools: pursuant to the resolution of the USSR Council of Ministers of 13 October 1978 No. 835, the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, by its resolution of 2 November 1978 No. 518, obliged the ministry of education of the Ukrainian SSR to introduce, from the 1980/81 school year, the study of the Russian language in the first grades of general-education schools with Ukrainian as the language of instruction[5].