Destruction of Historical Memory: Burning of Books and Archives

ID Name
T0045.001 Destruction of Shrines and Necropolises
T0045.002 Burning of Books and Archives

As part of the destruction of historical memory, aggressors may physically destroy the written heritage of the indigenous people: burn libraries, books and manuscripts, seize and destroy literature in its language. The destruction of the written corpus cuts the people off from their own history and letters, leaving future generations only the texts written by the metropole. Books, manuscripts and archives are cultural property protected by the 1954 Hague Convention (Article 1(a)).

ID: T0045.002
Sub-technique of:  T0045
Tactic: Persistence
People: Nokhchi (Chechens)
Contributors: decolonial.ist project
Version: 1.0
Created: 29 August 2026
Last Modified: 29 August 2026

Procedures Carried Out


February 1943
C1180 Operation "Chechevitsa": the Total Deportation of the Chechen People and the Special Settlement Regime (1943-1949)
G0010 USSR
S0017 Secret Police and Security Services

Having deported the Chechen people in February 1944, the colonizer burned its books and manuscripts. Historians Ya. Z. Akhmadov and E. Kh. Khasmagomadov write: "On the squares and streets of Grozny bonfires of books blazed up. All literature and textbooks in Arabic, Chechen and Ingush were burned"[1]. Historian D. A. Khozhaev writes about the clan chronicles - the tyaptars: "For three days and three nights a bonfire burned in the center of Grozny, in whose flames were destroyed nearly all the Chechen tyaptars, as well as all the manuscript and printed literature devoted to the history and culture of the Chechens"[2]. From the auls, writes D. A. Khozhaev, open trucks carried "ancient manuscripts, religious-philosophical treatises, Arabic-language books on mathematics, astronomy, medicine, historical hadiths, ancient legends of the Chechens and Ingush in Arabic and in Chechen (in Arabic script), secular belles-lettres. All these books and manuscripts were dumped in Grozny straight onto the snow by the public toilet in the square adjoining the Palace of Pioneers"[3].

References

  1. Полное название: Так это было: Национальные репрессии в СССР. 1919-1952 годы. Т. 2 / ред.-сост. С. У. Алиева. М.: Инсан, 1993. Свидетельства о депортации 1944 года (очерк Д. Хожаева «Геноцид», рассказ очевидца Д. Мальсагова, свидетельство Гаева, акт комиссии 22.08.1990) и документы о расхищении имущества спецпереселенцев (докладная руководителя бригады Наркомата госконтроля РСФСР Дроздова, август 1944).. (1993). Так это было: национальные репрессии в СССР.