Aggressors may carry out large-scale and systematic confiscation of natural, financial, and material assets in the captured territory. In the course of implementing this technique, industrial equipment is removed, the treasury is seized, food is confiscated, and mineral resources are exploited without restraint, solely for the extraction of benefits and to meet the needs of the metropole.
| ID | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| C0082 | "Scorched Earth" Tactics and Criminal Mobilization (1941–1945) |
Total removal of industrial equipment, food supplies, and agricultural machinery deep into the USSR during the retreat[1]. |
| C0034 | Administrative Dismantling and Enserfment of the Left Bank (1781–1786) |
Secularization and confiscation into the imperial treasury of the lands of Ukrainian Orthodox monasteries (1786), depriving the local church of its economic base[2]. |
| C1152 | Burning of Lowland Chechnya by Velyaminov's Expedition: Demolition of Villages from the Sunzha to Mairtup, Seizure of Astemir's Family, Collective Penalties Imposed on Chechen Villages, the Cutting Down of Fleeing Inhabitants of Dzulgai-Yurt, and Destruction of Winter Stores (1830-1831) |
In the autumn of 1830, General Velyaminov introduced collective property levies on Chechen villages that bore no responsibility for the actions of others: for the driving off by Chechens of ten head of cattle from the stanitsa of Chervlennaya, he "immediately ordered that ten head of cattle likewise be taken from the inhabitants of the two villages of Braguny and Novy-Yurt, past which the party had traveled, and returned to the Cossacks"; for the driving off of a herd of horses in the Nogai steppe, "Braguny once again paid with exactly the same number of head"; and Shakh-Girei, the owner of Novy-Yurt, was confined to a casemate — a prison cell of the Groznaya fortress — for the inaction of the village watch. This was recorded by the imperial historian Potto[3]. In December 1830, during the encirclement of the village of Daut-Martan, "the inhabitants managed to flee, but all their property became the booty of the detachment"[3]. |
| C1156 | Covert reconnaissance of Chechnya by Rosen's topographers and the devastation of Zandak by Pullo's detachment: capture of 31 inhabitants and seizure of livestock (1835-1836) |
On August 23, 1836, during the destruction of the aul of Zandak, the detachment of Colonel Pullo, commander of the Sunzha fortified line, appropriated the property and livestock of the inhabitants. Corps commander Baron Rosen reported to the Minister of War: "our troops received as booty the property of the inhabitants and 384 head of cattle"[4]. |
| C1143 | Demonstrative destruction of the aul of Dadi-Yurt and the erection of the Vnezapnaya fortress to force the Nokhchi off the Kumyk plain (1819) |
When laying waste to a Nokhchi aul, the Russian Empire handed its property over to the soldiers as spoils. Historian D. A. Khozhaev writes that the punitive raids under Yermolov proceeded "with the destruction of the population, houses, crops, orchards, and forests, the driving off of livestock, and the plundering of property," while Russian commanders invaded peaceful lands "to distinguish themselves or to seize booty"[5]. General Yermolov himself admits this in his "Notes": after the destruction of Dadi-Yurt, "the soldiers came away with rather rich spoils"[6]. |
| C1114 | Deprivation of the Nokhchi of political agency and the imposition of alien governance (1614–1616) |
Representatives of the metropole's authorities openly seized property from the Nokhchi population, abusing their official position: in their petition to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich, the service Okochans of the Terek town reported that the Kabardian prince Sunchaley Yanglychevich Cherkassky «having taken from us by force 8 good horses from the herd, sent them off to his kabaks (villages) in Kabarda»[7][8]. |
| C1148 | Devastation of the Lowland Nokhchi Villages in Yermolov’s Punitive Campaign (1826) |
The Russian Empire drove off livestock and plundered the ravaged villages of the Nokhchi. Historian D. A. Khozhaev writes that by May 18, 1826, «livestock had been driven off», and after the troops returned, Yermolov «sent a detachment of 500 Cossacks against Daut-Martan», and «the village was ravaged and plundered»[5]. |
| C1115 | Economic Exploitation and Creation of Dependency of the Nokhchi (1617–1622) |
Representatives of the metropole confiscated the personal property of a deceased Nokhchi delegate into the state treasury: a memorandum from the Posolsky Prikaz to the Prikaz of the Kazan Palace prescribed an investigation into the death of the drowned Okotsky murza Kokhostrov Biytemirov, while of what was found they «took his clothing and all his goods into our treasury»[8]. |
| C1136 | Exploitation of the village of Solzha (Sunzhenskaya) as a resource base and its punitive devastation for the armed resistance of the Nokhchi (1818) |
Solzha (Sunzhenskaya), one of the wealthiest villages, the Russian Empire kept as a source of supply for the fortress of Groznaya, and having seized the village by force, it spent several days carting away its stores. Historian D. A. Khozhayev records the ravaging of Solzha (Sunzhenskaya), as a consequence of which "most of the peaceful neighboring auls fled into the mountains, and the flourishing banks were left deserted for a long time thereafter"[5]. Imperial general Yermolov testifies in his "Notes" that he had earlier ordered the troops to spare the village so that the fortress "could obtain from it all necessary supplies," and when the troops seized the village, "grain, forage, and timber fit for building were carted away for several days"[6]. |
| C1155 | Extermination of 61 settlements of lowland Chechnya and mountainous Ichkeria by Rosen's troops, burning alive of the defenders of Germenchuk, and extortion of hostages from 80 villages (1832) |
In August–September 1832, the troops of corps commander Baron Rosen appropriated the property and livestock of the residents and exacted monetary fines. The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: the property of 50 families who had taken refuge in the forest near Mairtup "fell as booty to the detachment"; near Tsentoroy "6 horses and 50 head of cattle were seized"[9]. Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev: on September 15, near the village of Dungen-yurt, the cavalry "seized 140 sheep and 9 head of cattle," and in total over the campaign "tribute and fines in money and livestock have been paid... about 5 th. r. s. [five thousand rubles in silver]"[4]. |
| C0077 | Forced Collectivization and Dekulakization (1928–1932) |
Mass dispossession and forced deportation of hundreds of thousands of resisting peasants (the so-called "kurkuls") to remote special settlements in Siberia and the North[10]. |
| C0103 | Full-Scale Invasion (from February 24, 2022) |
Large-scale plundering of economic resources: the removal of expensive industrial equipment (including steel from the Azovstal plant), illegal extraction of mineral resources, and the theft of more than 15 million tons of Ukrainian grain[11]. |
| S0008 | Government |
Secularization and confiscation into the imperial treasury of the lands of Ukrainian Orthodox monasteries (1786), depriving the local church of its economic base[2]. |
| S0008 | Government |
Total removal of industrial equipment, food supplies, and agricultural machinery deep into the USSR during the retreat[1]. |
| C0014 | Liquidation of the Zaporozhian Sich (1709) |
Confiscation and removal of the Sich artillery, treasury, river fleet, and food supplies[12]. |
| C0012 | Mazepa's Defection to Sweden and the Baturyn Massacre (1708) |
Large-scale looting of state arsenals and the treasury during a punitive raid on the capital of the autonomy: "Menshikov managed to carry off part of the artillery"[13][14][15]. |
| S0012 | Occupation and Controlled Administrations |
Large-scale plundering of economic resources: the removal of expensive industrial equipment (including steel from the Azovstal plant), illegal extraction of mineral resources, and the theft of more than 15 million tons of Ukrainian grain[11]. |
| S0012 | Occupation and Controlled Administrations |
Representatives of the metropole's authorities openly seized property from the Nokhchi population, abusing their official position: in their petition to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich, the service Okochans of the Terek town reported that the Kabardian prince Sunchaley Yanglychevich Cherkassky «having taken from us by force 8 good horses from the herd, sent them off to his kabaks (villages) in Kabarda»[7][8]. |
| S0012 | Occupation and Controlled Administrations |
Representatives of the metropole confiscated the personal property of a deceased Nokhchi delegate into the state treasury: a memorandum from the Posolsky Prikaz to the Prikaz of the Kazan Palace prescribed an investigation into the death of the drowned Okotsky murza Kokhostrov Biytemirov, while of what was found they «took his clothing and all his goods into our treasury»[8]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
Large-scale looting of state arsenals and the treasury during a punitive raid on the capital of the autonomy: "Menshikov managed to carry off part of the artillery"[13][14][15]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
Confiscation and removal of the Sich artillery, treasury, river fleet, and food supplies[12]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
Forcible requisitioning ("prodrazverstka") and the non-stop export of grain, coal, and raw materials to the RSFSR without economic compensation, which provoked riots and the Hryhoriv uprising[10]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
Solzha (Sunzhenskaya), one of the wealthiest villages, the Russian Empire kept as a source of supply for the fortress of Groznaya, and having seized the village by force, it spent several days carting away its stores. Historian D. A. Khozhayev records the ravaging of Solzha (Sunzhenskaya), as a consequence of which "most of the peaceful neighboring auls fled into the mountains, and the flourishing banks were left deserted for a long time thereafter"[5]. Imperial general Yermolov testifies in his "Notes" that he had earlier ordered the troops to spare the village so that the fortress "could obtain from it all necessary supplies," and when the troops seized the village, "grain, forage, and timber fit for building were carted away for several days"[6]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
When laying waste to a Nokhchi aul, the Russian Empire handed its property over to the soldiers as spoils. Historian D. A. Khozhaev writes that the punitive raids under Yermolov proceeded "with the destruction of the population, houses, crops, orchards, and forests, the driving off of livestock, and the plundering of property," while Russian commanders invaded peaceful lands "to distinguish themselves or to seize booty"[5]. General Yermolov himself admits this in his "Notes": after the destruction of Dadi-Yurt, "the soldiers came away with rather rich spoils"[6]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
The Russian Empire drove off livestock and plundered the ravaged villages of the Nokhchi. Historian D. A. Khozhaev writes that by May 18, 1826, «livestock had been driven off», and after the troops returned, Yermolov «sent a detachment of 500 Cossacks against Daut-Martan», and «the village was ravaged and plundered»[5]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
In the autumn of 1830, General Velyaminov introduced collective property levies on Chechen villages that bore no responsibility for the actions of others: for the driving off by Chechens of ten head of cattle from the stanitsa of Chervlennaya, he "immediately ordered that ten head of cattle likewise be taken from the inhabitants of the two villages of Braguny and Novy-Yurt, past which the party had traveled, and returned to the Cossacks"; for the driving off of a herd of horses in the Nogai steppe, "Braguny once again paid with exactly the same number of head"; and Shakh-Girei, the owner of Novy-Yurt, was confined to a casemate — a prison cell of the Groznaya fortress — for the inaction of the village watch. This was recorded by the imperial historian Potto[3]. In December 1830, during the encirclement of the village of Daut-Martan, "the inhabitants managed to flee, but all their property became the booty of the detachment"[3]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
On December 23, 1831, the detachment of Lieutenant Colonel Zass, commander of the Mozdok Cossack Regiment, dispatched by General Velyaminov, drove off the livestock of the inhabitants of the devastated hamlets near the village of Chertugai. The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: Zass "delivered to the camp... up to 250 head of cattle"[9]. Driving off 250 head of livestock in the middle of winter deprived the inhabitants of the devastated hamlets of their basic means of subsistence. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
In August–September 1832, the troops of corps commander Baron Rosen appropriated the property and livestock of the residents and exacted monetary fines. The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: the property of 50 families who had taken refuge in the forest near Mairtup "fell as booty to the detachment"; near Tsentoroy "6 horses and 50 head of cattle were seized"[9]. Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev: on September 15, near the village of Dungen-yurt, the cavalry "seized 140 sheep and 9 head of cattle," and in total over the campaign "tribute and fines in money and livestock have been paid... about 5 th. r. s. [five thousand rubles in silver]"[4]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
On August 23, 1836, during the destruction of the aul of Zandak, the detachment of Colonel Pullo, commander of the Sunzha fortified line, appropriated the property and livestock of the inhabitants. Corps commander Baron Rosen reported to the Minister of War: "our troops received as booty the property of the inhabitants and 384 head of cattle"[4]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
Secularization and confiscation into the imperial treasury of the lands of Ukrainian Orthodox monasteries (1786), depriving the local church of its economic base[2]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
Solzha (Sunzhenskaya), one of the wealthiest villages, the Russian Empire kept as a source of supply for the fortress of Groznaya, and having seized the village by force, it spent several days carting away its stores. Historian D. A. Khozhayev records the ravaging of Solzha (Sunzhenskaya), as a consequence of which "most of the peaceful neighboring auls fled into the mountains, and the flourishing banks were left deserted for a long time thereafter"[5]. Imperial general Yermolov testifies in his "Notes" that he had earlier ordered the troops to spare the village so that the fortress "could obtain from it all necessary supplies," and when the troops seized the village, "grain, forage, and timber fit for building were carted away for several days"[6]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
When laying waste to a Nokhchi aul, the Russian Empire handed its property over to the soldiers as spoils. Historian D. A. Khozhaev writes that the punitive raids under Yermolov proceeded "with the destruction of the population, houses, crops, orchards, and forests, the driving off of livestock, and the plundering of property," while Russian commanders invaded peaceful lands "to distinguish themselves or to seize booty"[5]. General Yermolov himself admits this in his "Notes": after the destruction of Dadi-Yurt, "the soldiers came away with rather rich spoils"[6]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
The Russian Empire drove off livestock and plundered the ravaged villages of the Nokhchi. Historian D. A. Khozhaev writes that by May 18, 1826, «livestock had been driven off», and after the troops returned, Yermolov «sent a detachment of 500 Cossacks against Daut-Martan», and «the village was ravaged and plundered»[5]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
In the autumn of 1830, General Velyaminov introduced collective property levies on Chechen villages that bore no responsibility for the actions of others: for the driving off by Chechens of ten head of cattle from the stanitsa of Chervlennaya, he "immediately ordered that ten head of cattle likewise be taken from the inhabitants of the two villages of Braguny and Novy-Yurt, past which the party had traveled, and returned to the Cossacks"; for the driving off of a herd of horses in the Nogai steppe, "Braguny once again paid with exactly the same number of head"; and Shakh-Girei, the owner of Novy-Yurt, was confined to a casemate — a prison cell of the Groznaya fortress — for the inaction of the village watch. This was recorded by the imperial historian Potto[3]. In December 1830, during the encirclement of the village of Daut-Martan, "the inhabitants managed to flee, but all their property became the booty of the detachment"[3]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
On December 23, 1831, the detachment of Lieutenant Colonel Zass, commander of the Mozdok Cossack Regiment, dispatched by General Velyaminov, drove off the livestock of the inhabitants of the devastated hamlets near the village of Chertugai. The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: Zass "delivered to the camp... up to 250 head of cattle"[9]. Driving off 250 head of livestock in the middle of winter deprived the inhabitants of the devastated hamlets of their basic means of subsistence. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
In August–September 1832, the troops of corps commander Baron Rosen appropriated the property and livestock of the residents and exacted monetary fines. The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: the property of 50 families who had taken refuge in the forest near Mairtup "fell as booty to the detachment"; near Tsentoroy "6 horses and 50 head of cattle were seized"[9]. Rosen reported to Minister of War Chernyshev: on September 15, near the village of Dungen-yurt, the cavalry "seized 140 sheep and 9 head of cattle," and in total over the campaign "tribute and fines in money and livestock have been paid... about 5 th. r. s. [five thousand rubles in silver]"[4]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
On August 23, 1836, during the destruction of the aul of Zandak, the detachment of Colonel Pullo, commander of the Sunzha fortified line, appropriated the property and livestock of the inhabitants. Corps commander Baron Rosen reported to the Minister of War: "our troops received as booty the property of the inhabitants and 384 head of cattle"[4]. |
| G0011 | Russian Federation |
Large-scale plundering of economic resources: the removal of expensive industrial equipment (including steel from the Azovstal plant), illegal extraction of mineral resources, and the theft of more than 15 million tons of Ukrainian grain[11]. |
| C0074 | Second Armed Invasion and Resource Depletion (1919) |
Forcible requisitioning ("prodrazverstka") and the non-stop export of grain, coal, and raw materials to the RSFSR without economic compensation, which provoked riots and the Hryhoriv uprising[10]. |
| S0017 | Secret Police and Security Services |
Mass dispossession and forced deportation of hundreds of thousands of resisting peasants (the so-called "kurkuls") to remote special settlements in Siberia and the North[10]. |
| G0013 | Soviet Russia (RSFSR) |
Forcible requisitioning ("prodrazverstka") and the non-stop export of grain, coal, and raw materials to the RSFSR without economic compensation, which provoked riots and the Hryhoriv uprising[10]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
Large-scale looting of state arsenals and the treasury during a punitive raid on the capital of the autonomy: "Menshikov managed to carry off part of the artillery"[13][14][15]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
Confiscation and removal of the Sich artillery, treasury, river fleet, and food supplies[12]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
Representatives of the metropole's authorities openly seized property from the Nokhchi population, abusing their official position: in their petition to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich, the service Okochans of the Terek town reported that the Kabardian prince Sunchaley Yanglychevich Cherkassky «having taken from us by force 8 good horses from the herd, sent them off to his kabaks (villages) in Kabarda»[7][8]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
Representatives of the metropole confiscated the personal property of a deceased Nokhchi delegate into the state treasury: a memorandum from the Posolsky Prikaz to the Prikaz of the Kazan Palace prescribed an investigation into the death of the drowned Okotsky murza Kokhostrov Biytemirov, while of what was found they «took his clothing and all his goods into our treasury»[8]. |
| G0010 | USSR |
Mass dispossession and forced deportation of hundreds of thousands of resisting peasants (the so-called "kurkuls") to remote special settlements in Siberia and the North[10]. |
| G0010 | USSR |
Total removal of industrial equipment, food supplies, and agricultural machinery deep into the USSR during the retreat[1]. |
| C1154 | Velyaminov's winter raids on Chechen hamlets and villages along the Sunzha: capture of women and devastation of homesteads (1831-1832) |
On December 23, 1831, the detachment of Lieutenant Colonel Zass, commander of the Mozdok Cossack Regiment, dispatched by General Velyaminov, drove off the livestock of the inhabitants of the devastated hamlets near the village of Chertugai. The imperial historian Volkonsky wrote: Zass "delivered to the camp... up to 250 head of cattle"[9]. Driving off 250 head of livestock in the middle of winter deprived the inhabitants of the devastated hamlets of their basic means of subsistence. |