Integration Reforms of Peter I and the Great Northern War (1700–1708)
Systematic exploitation of the Hetmanate's potential in a grueling war combined with the simultaneous launch of administrative absorption (the reforms of 1707). The Cossacks dispatched to distant fronts were «wearied, destitute, left horseless, and ruined by year-round military service». Orlyk relayed the starshyna's account of the plans to recut the autonomy: the empire was preparing «to convert the Cossacks into a regular army... to break the military rights and liberties» and «to take the Little Russian towns into its own domain»[1].
Actors
| ID | Name | Procedures |
|---|---|---|
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy | 6 |
Instruments Applied
| ID | Name | Procedures |
|---|---|---|
| S0008 | Government | 3 |
| S0010 | Regular Army | 3 |
Procedures Carried Out
The mass conscription of the population for the construction of military installations in Moscow's interests. The tsar officially thanked the hetman and the starshyna for their "diligent zeal (and considerable labors borne) in the making of the Pechersk fortification" and promised for this "service and labors in the making of the said fortification" his "most exalted favor"[1].
A course toward the complete absorption and destruction of the very name of the Cossack state. In the Bendery Constitution of 1710, Orlyk recorded Moscow's intention "to eradicate the Zaporozhian Host of the Lower Dnipro and to efface its name forever"[1]. Hrushevsky confirms the course was systemic: Mazepa's alliance with the Swedish king merely "gave the Muscovite government occasion… to take up more forcefully the abolition of Ukrainian autonomy. The Muscovite government had pursued this line from the very beginning"[3]. What was at stake was the enslavement of the entire people: the Muscovite state, per the preamble of Orlyk's constitution, managed to "violate and utterly destroy" the rights and liberties "and to cast a slave's yoke upon the free Cossack people, never conquered by it"[4].