Aggressors may deliberately deny an Indigenous people the right to independent political, legal, and historical existence. At the ideological level, this manifests in the dissemination of narratives about the colonized society's lack of agency, which serves the legitimization of domination. At the diplomatic and administrative level, the technique is implemented through the unilateral abolition of sovereignty, the annulment or rewriting of previously concluded international treaties, and the shift of relations from equal footing to a format of direct diktat, which ensures the institutional seizure of governance and the legal consolidation of the occupation.
| ID | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| C0009 | "Eternal Peace" with Poland (1686) |
The complete exclusion of the autonomy from participation in international negotiations about the status of its own territories. In the legal partition of Ukrainian lands, the opinion of the people themselves was ignored: "For Mazepa and all Ukrainians this was a colossal humiliation"[1][2]. |
| C0067 | All-Russian Census and the Erasure of Identity (1897) |
Use of the population census as an instrument for depriving the Ukrainian nation of the right to independent historical and political existence[3]. |
| C0017 | Construction of Saint Petersburg and the Ladoga Canal (1704–1725) |
Transfer of Cossack regiments under the direct command of imperial officers and officials outside the Cossack hierarchy[4]. |
| C1114 | Deprivation of the Nokhchi of political agency and the imposition of alien governance (1614–1616) |
The metropole deliberately ignored official complaints by the Indigenous population about the arbitrary conduct of the appointed rulers, depriving them of the right to protection: the compilers of academic document collections state that, as regards the petition submitted to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich, «the petition of the «Okochans» was not granted»[5]. |
| S0009 | Diplomacy |
From the very beginning, Moscow laid an asymmetric foundation for the relationship, harshly cutting off the autonomy's international agency. Having satisfied the Cossacks' internal demands, Moscow categorically forbade them to conduct independent foreign affairs: "Tsar Alexei accepts the main demands — everything except an independent foreign policy"[1]. |
| S0009 | Diplomacy |
The Tsardom of Muscovy physically and legally isolated the autonomy from participation in international politics, deciding the fate of the Cossack lands without regard for their national interests: "This is a true drama for Ukrainians: at the insistence of the Polish side, Ukrainians are not admitted to the negotiations"[1]. |
| S0009 | Diplomacy |
In the legal partition of Ukrainian lands, the opinion of the people themselves or of their leaders was demonstratively ignored. The Hetmanate was treated exclusively as an object: "The interests of the hetmans and of Ukraine were, of course, not taken into account"[2]. |
| S0009 | Diplomacy |
"In this provision of the articles, the tsarist government's aspiration to turn Ukraine into a region incorporated into the Russian state on ordinary terms was openly declared for the first time"[2]. |
| S0009 | Diplomacy |
The complete exclusion of the autonomy from participation in international negotiations about the status of its own territories. In the legal partition of Ukrainian lands, the opinion of the people themselves was ignored: "For Mazepa and all Ukrainians this was a colossal humiliation"[1][2]. |
| S0009 | Diplomacy |
The ultimatum-style refusal of the White Guard command (General Bredov) to recognize the Ukrainian army and statehood, accompanied by the statement that "Kyiv has never been Ukrainian and never will be"[6]. |
| S0009 | Diplomacy |
De facto liquidation of the Ukrainian army (the disbandment of the Ukrainian Front) and the transformation of the government of the Ukrainian SSR into a nominal appendage of the Russian administrative machine[7]. |
| S0009 | Diplomacy |
The union center enlisted US President George H. W. Bush, who during his visit to Kyiv publicly called for supporting M. Gorbachev and tried to dissuade Ukrainians from sovereignty, calling the aspiration to independence "suicidal nationalism"[8]. |
| S0009 | Diplomacy |
Official denial of the Ukrainian nation's right to state independence: articles and speeches by the top leadership of the Russian Federation directly declare that true sovereignty for Ukraine is allegedly possible exclusively in partnership with Russia[1]. |
| C0094 | Diplomatic Blackmail (the "Chicken Kiev" Speech, August 1991) |
The union center enlisted US President George H. W. Bush, who during his visit to Kyiv publicly called for supporting M. Gorbachev and tried to dissuade Ukrainians from sovereignty, calling the aspiration to independence "suicidal nationalism"[8]. |
| S0008 | Government |
Liquidation of the statehood and international legal personality of the autonomy as a result of the defeat of the Swedish-Ukrainian forces: "From 1709 Ukraine loses its independence, its legal and international-law attributes, and therefore ceases to exist as a state"[9]. |
| S0008 | Government |
Refusal to sign a treaty: replacement of an agreement between equals with unilateral "resolutions" (decrees) of the tsar[10][4]. |
| S0008 | Government |
Rejection of the treaty format: "The Decisive Points were issued in the form of a decree of the tsarist government to the hetman... indicated the transformation of the Hetmanate into an ordinary province of the Russian Empire"[11]. |
| S0008 | Government |
The final destruction of the office of the autonomy's leader. "On November 10, 1764, Catherine II abolished the hetman's rule"[12]. |
| S0008 | Government |
Use of the population census as an instrument for depriving the Ukrainian nation of the right to independent historical and political existence[3]. |
| C0102 | Ideological Preparation for the Full-Scale Invasion (2020–2021) |
Official denial of the Ukrainian nation's right to state independence: articles and speeches by the top leadership of the Russian Federation directly declare that true sovereignty for Ukraine is allegedly possible exclusively in partnership with Russia[1]. |
| C0075 | Institutional Absorption through a "Military-Political Union" (1919–1921) |
De facto liquidation of the Ukrainian army (the disbandment of the Ukrainian Front) and the transformation of the government of the Ukrainian SSR into a nominal appendage of the Russian administrative machine[7]. |
| C0007 | Kolomak Articles (1687) |
"In this provision of the articles, the tsarist government's aspiration to turn Ukraine into a region incorporated into the Russian state on ordinary terms was openly declared for the first time"[2]. |
| C0030 | Liquidation of the Institution of the Hetmancy and the Second Little Russian Collegium (1764) |
The final destruction of the office of the autonomy's leader. "On November 10, 1764, Catherine II abolished the hetman's rule"[12]. |
| S0012 | Occupation and Controlled Administrations |
The metropole deliberately ignored official complaints by the Indigenous population about the arbitrary conduct of the appointed rulers, depriving them of the right to protection: the compilers of academic document collections state that, as regards the petition submitted to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich, «the petition of the «Okochans» was not granted»[5]. |
| C0001 | Pereiaslav Council (1654) |
From the very beginning, Moscow laid an asymmetric foundation for the relationship, harshly cutting off the autonomy's international agency. Having satisfied the Cossacks' internal demands, Moscow categorically forbade them to conduct independent foreign affairs: "Tsar Alexei accepts the main demands — everything except an independent foreign policy"[1]. |
| S0010 | Regular Army |
Transfer of Cossack regiments under the direct command of imperial officers and officials outside the Cossack hierarchy[4]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
Rejection of the treaty format: "The Decisive Points were issued in the form of a decree of the tsarist government to the hetman... indicated the transformation of the Hetmanate into an ordinary province of the Russian Empire"[11]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
The final destruction of the office of the autonomy's leader. "On November 10, 1764, Catherine II abolished the hetman's rule"[12]. |
| G0009 | Russian Empire |
Use of the population census as an instrument for depriving the Ukrainian nation of the right to independent historical and political existence[3]. |
| G0011 | Russian Federation |
Official denial of the Ukrainian nation's right to state independence: articles and speeches by the top leadership of the Russian Federation directly declare that true sovereignty for Ukraine is allegedly possible exclusively in partnership with Russia[1]. |
| C0074 | Second Armed Invasion and Resource Depletion (1919) |
The ultimatum-style refusal of the White Guard command (General Bredov) to recognize the Ukrainian army and statehood, accompanied by the statement that "Kyiv has never been Ukrainian and never will be"[6]. |
| G0013 | Soviet Russia (RSFSR) |
De facto liquidation of the Ukrainian army (the disbandment of the Ukrainian Front) and the transformation of the government of the Ukrainian SSR into a nominal appendage of the Russian administrative machine[7]. |
| C0015 | The Battle of Poltava and the Final Defeat of the Hetmanate (1709) |
Liquidation of the statehood and international legal personality of the autonomy as a result of the defeat of the Swedish-Ukrainian forces: "From 1709 Ukraine loses its independence, its legal and international-law attributes, and therefore ceases to exist as a state"[9]. |
| C0028 | The Decisive Points (1728) |
Rejection of the treaty format: "The Decisive Points were issued in the form of a decree of the tsarist government to the hetman... indicated the transformation of the Hetmanate into an ordinary province of the Russian Empire"[11]. |
| C0016 | The Reshetylivka Articles (1709) |
Refusal to sign a treaty: replacement of an agreement between equals with unilateral "resolutions" (decrees) of the tsar[10][4]. |
| C0005 | Truce of Andrusovo (1667) |
In the legal partition of Ukrainian lands, the opinion of the people themselves or of their leaders was demonstratively ignored. The Hetmanate was treated exclusively as an object: "The interests of the hetmans and of Ukraine were, of course, not taken into account"[2]. |
| C0002 | Truce of Vilna (1656) |
The Tsardom of Muscovy physically and legally isolated the autonomy from participation in international politics, deciding the fate of the Cossack lands without regard for their national interests: "This is a true drama for Ukrainians: at the insistence of the Polish side, Ukrainians are not admitted to the negotiations"[1]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
From the very beginning, Moscow laid an asymmetric foundation for the relationship, harshly cutting off the autonomy's international agency. Having satisfied the Cossacks' internal demands, Moscow categorically forbade them to conduct independent foreign affairs: "Tsar Alexei accepts the main demands — everything except an independent foreign policy"[1]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
The Tsardom of Muscovy physically and legally isolated the autonomy from participation in international politics, deciding the fate of the Cossack lands without regard for their national interests: "This is a true drama for Ukrainians: at the insistence of the Polish side, Ukrainians are not admitted to the negotiations"[1]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
In the legal partition of Ukrainian lands, the opinion of the people themselves or of their leaders was demonstratively ignored. The Hetmanate was treated exclusively as an object: "The interests of the hetmans and of Ukraine were, of course, not taken into account"[2]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
"In this provision of the articles, the tsarist government's aspiration to turn Ukraine into a region incorporated into the Russian state on ordinary terms was openly declared for the first time"[2]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
The complete exclusion of the autonomy from participation in international negotiations about the status of its own territories. In the legal partition of Ukrainian lands, the opinion of the people themselves was ignored: "For Mazepa and all Ukrainians this was a colossal humiliation"[1][2]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
Liquidation of the statehood and international legal personality of the autonomy as a result of the defeat of the Swedish-Ukrainian forces: "From 1709 Ukraine loses its independence, its legal and international-law attributes, and therefore ceases to exist as a state"[9]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
Refusal to sign a treaty: replacement of an agreement between equals with unilateral "resolutions" (decrees) of the tsar[10][4]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
Transfer of Cossack regiments under the direct command of imperial officers and officials outside the Cossack hierarchy[4]. |
| G0008 | Tsardom of Muscovy |
The metropole deliberately ignored official complaints by the Indigenous population about the arbitrary conduct of the appointed rulers, depriving them of the right to protection: the compilers of academic document collections state that, as regards the petition submitted to Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich, «the petition of the «Okochans» was not granted»[5]. |
| G0010 | USSR |
The union center enlisted US President George H. W. Bush, who during his visit to Kyiv publicly called for supporting M. Gorbachev and tried to dissuade Ukrainians from sovereignty, calling the aspiration to independence "suicidal nationalism"[8]. |
| G0014 | White Movement (AFSR) |
The ultimatum-style refusal of the White Guard command (General Bredov) to recognize the Ukrainian army and statehood, accompanied by the statement that "Kyiv has never been Ukrainian and never will be"[6]. |